What are the two parts of the United States Congress?

The United States Congress is bicameral, meaning it consists of two distinct chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate is composed of two elected representatives from each state, regardless of the state's population, which ensures equal representation for each state within the federal legislature. In contrast, the House of Representatives is based on population, with a larger state having more representatives than a smaller one, reflecting the demographics and population size of the states.

This structure is designed to balance the influence of both populous and less populous states in legislative processes, which is foundational to the federal system of the United States. The other choices do not accurately represent the structure of the U.S. Congress. The House of Commons and the House of Lords are part of the United Kingdom's Parliament, while the terms "Congress Assembly" and "Federal Assembly" don't accurately describe any recognized legislative bodies in the U.S.