What is the purpose of the Bill of Rights?

The Bill of Rights serves an essential function in the U.S. Constitution by specifically protecting individual rights. It comprises the first ten amendments, which were introduced to guarantee fundamental freedoms to citizens, ensuring that rights such as freedom of speech, religion, and the press; the right to bear arms; protection against unreasonable searches and seizures; and the right to a fair trial, among others, are enshrined into law. This was particularly important during the ratification of the Constitution, as many feared that a strong federal government could infringe upon personal liberties.

In contrast, the other options do not reflect the primary intent of the Bill of Rights. Listing the authors of the Constitution does not address the protection of individual liberties. Outlining government powers pertains more to the structure and authority of government rather than personal freedoms. Defining state boundaries is entirely unrelated to individual rights and instead involves geographic and political delineation. Thus, the emphasis in the Bill of Rights is firmly placed on safeguarding individuals from governmental overreach.