Which right or freedom is protected by the First Amendment?

The First Amendment to the United States Constitution is primarily concerned with safeguarding various fundamental rights related to individual freedoms. Specifically, it protects freedoms concerning religion, expression, assembly, and the right to petition the government. Freedom of speech is one of the most significant of these freedoms, as it allows individuals to express their opinions, ideas, and beliefs without fear of government censorship or punishment. This protection is foundational to a democratic society, promoting open discourse and debate.

Other options relate to different amendments in the Constitution. For instance, the right to bear arms is protected by the Second Amendment, while the right to a speedy trial and the right to request counsel pertain to the Sixth Amendment, which ensures fair legal representation and procedures in criminal cases. Thus, the correct answer is rooted in the core principles the First Amendment was designed to uphold, emphasizing the crucial role of free speech in a democratic society.